{"id":1763,"date":"2024-03-18T10:40:01","date_gmt":"2024-03-18T14:40:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/?p=1763"},"modified":"2024-04-18T09:02:15","modified_gmt":"2024-04-18T13:02:15","slug":"creating-climate-resilient-housing-infrastructure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/creating-climate-resilient-housing-infrastructure\/","title":{"rendered":"Protecting Cities from Urban Flooding"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Protecting Cities from Urban Flooding\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/935534273?h=b2054e04d4&amp;dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"696\" height=\"392\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>As record-breaking rain and snowfall become regular events due to climate change, cities must work quickly to address the increased risk of urban flooding \u2013 a destructive new reality for many Canadian homeowners and a multi-billion-dollar challenge for governments.<\/p>\n<p>Urban flooding happens when a city&#8217;s hard concrete surfaces and sewers struggle to sop up and redirect large, sudden amounts of precipitation or meltwater.<\/p>\n<p>With nowhere to go, the excess water can cause significant and expensive damage to homes and businesses.<\/p>\n<p>To keep neighbourhoods safe and dry, two Carleton University researchers, <a href=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/cee\/profile\/jennifer-drake\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jennifer Drake<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/sprott.carleton.ca\/profile\/ruth-mckay\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ruth McKay<\/a><u>,<\/u> are working on innovative solutions to the complex problem of urban flooding.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1768\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1768\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-1.jpg\" alt=\"Professional photo of Carleton University researcher Jennifer Drake\" width=\"1200\" height=\"700\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1768\" srcset=\"https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-1-300x175.jpg 300w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-1-1024x597.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-1-768x448.jpg 768w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-1-150x88.jpg 150w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-1-696x406.jpg 696w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-1-1068x623.jpg 1068w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1768\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carleton University researcher and engineer Jennifer Drake. (Photo by Chris Snow Video)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Drake, an Associate Professor in the <a href=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/cee\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering<\/a>, is improving Canada&#8217;s stormwater infrastructure through Low Impact Development (LID) \u2013 a technique that mimics the natural environment and allows rainwater to be absorbed where it falls.<\/p>\n<p>McKay, a management professor in the <a href=\"https:\/\/sprott.carleton.ca\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sprott School of Business<\/a>, is part of an international team studying how the private and public sectors can more effectively work together on building houses during climate change.<\/p>\n<p>While their approaches differ, McKay and Drake both believe that a mix of thoughtful public policy <em>and<\/em> improved urban design are key to flood mitigation.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;Urban flooding is a challenge that&#8217;s not just about finding technical solutions. What often undoes our infrastructure isn&#8217;t a flaw in the original design \u2013 it&#8217;s poor operation and maintenance due to planning and financial decisions,&#8221; says Drake.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1772\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1772\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-4.jpg\" alt=\"A behind view of a pair of feet wearing shoes walking on foliage.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"700\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1772\" srcset=\"https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-4.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-4-300x175.jpg 300w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-4-1024x597.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-4-768x448.jpg 768w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-4-150x88.jpg 150w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-4-696x406.jpg 696w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-4-1068x623.jpg 1068w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1772\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Photo by Chris Snow Video)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Finding Solutions Through Blue, Green and Grey Infrastructure<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>As the Canada Research Chair in Stormwater and Low Impact Development, Drake is <a href=\"https:\/\/newsroom.carleton.ca\/story\/protecting-infrastructure-climate-risks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one of several Carleton researchers<\/a> focused on engineering solutions to urban flooding.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Urbanization is a dramatic transformation of our land,&#8221; explains Drake. &#8220;You need surfaces that are hard and impervious in order to build roads, buildings and parking lots.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>However, the result of that transformation is that water can&#8217;t slowly absorb into the ground or be carried away by river systems, leading to large quantities of fast-moving run-off with nowhere to go.<\/p>\n<p>While Canadian cities have manufactured infrastructure to help convey that water \u2013 typically a combined sewer which handles both sewage and stormwater \u2013 Drake warns that there will always be storms that overwhelm the system.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;Our cities have urbanized for one environment, but that environment is changing. We now have more intense, frequent rainfalls and a significantly changing winter environment,&#8221; says Drake.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Because overflow tanks cost billions and rebuilding legacy sewer systems from scratch isn&#8217;t viable, Drake advocates for LID projects that re-introduce natural water processes to the urban environment.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1771\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1771\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-3.jpg\" alt=\"Different types of foliage.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"700\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1771\" srcset=\"https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-3.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-3-300x175.jpg 300w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-3-1024x597.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-3-768x448.jpg 768w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-3-150x88.jpg 150w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-3-696x406.jpg 696w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-3-1068x623.jpg 1068w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1771\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Photo by Chris Snow Video)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>These projects \u2013 things like rain gardens, green roofs and purposefully &#8220;leaky&#8221; pipes \u2013 are designed to encourage infiltration, evaporation and a more leisurely flow of water across the city.<\/p>\n<p>Drake says the best way to make cities flood resilient is through a combination of green, blue and gray infrastructure.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Green infrastructure involves vegetation or living components and blue infrastructure is designed to hold, reuse and evaporate water. But gray infrastructure, our traditional urban infrastructure, also has a role to play. We need to make sure all these systems are working together efficiently.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Reimagining and Regulating Flood-Resilient Housing<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>McKay is part of a team that includes Carleton researchers Gary Martin and Magda Goemans, the Insurance Bureau of Canada, the Canadian Home Builders&#8217; Association and two engineering firms in the Netherlands. Together, they are conducting a bi-national study on urban development and flood risk.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;We chose the Netherlands because they have a much higher level of climate resilient housing than Canada,&#8221; says McKay, noting how Dutch policymakers have a thousand years-worth of water management expertise to draw on because a large percentage of their country is flat and below sea level.<\/p>\n<p>According to McKay, creating climate resilient housing is a two-part adaptation process: retrofit existing homes and ensure new housing is designed with flood resilience in mind. McKay&#8217;s research focuses on this second aspect of climate change adaptation, where the first rule is to not build in areas that are known flood plains.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1770\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1770\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-2.jpg\" alt=\"A woman in a white lab coat using equipment tp work with collected samples.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"700\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1770\" srcset=\"https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-2.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-2-300x175.jpg 300w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-2-1024x597.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-2-768x448.jpg 768w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-2-150x88.jpg 150w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-2-696x406.jpg 696w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x700-2-1068x623.jpg 1068w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1770\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Photo by Chris Snow Video)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&#8220;Housing pressures are new in Canada because there&#8217;s always been a lot of land. Ironically, some of our most expensive, sought-after land \u2013 waterfront property \u2013 is also the most at risk for flooding,&#8221; says McKay.<\/p>\n<p>This is where the need for new housing policies becomes apparent, explains McKay. Updated federal flood maps that reflect recent environmental changes and identify trouble areas are in the works, as are changes to how insurers cover flood risk.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;We need a cohesive mindset and plan for Canadian housing across municipal, provincial and federal lines, &#8220;says McKay, &#8220;as well as a common understanding of climate change&#8217;s impact on housing.&#8221;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;A simple, obvious solution that we don&#8217;t consider enough in Canada is to stop building basements.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Another solution is to design more houses that sit on top of, rather than beside, their garages.<\/p>\n<p>Until policy catches up to our new climate reality, McKay says, Canadians will be &#8220;getting an education&#8221; in adaptation each time we face flooding.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1773\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1773\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x1200-1.jpg\" alt=\"Dirt in a large beaker being examined in a lab.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1200\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1773\" srcset=\"https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x1200-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x1200-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x1200-1-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x1200-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x1200-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x1200-1-696x696.jpg 696w, https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/protecting-cities-urban-flooding-1200x1200-1-1068x1068.jpg 1068w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1773\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Photo by Chris Snow Video)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<hr>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<strong>Registration is open and filling up fast to the Carleton Challenge Conference: Climate Solutions for a Sustainable Future on May 8th, 2024.<\/strong> Visit our website for more information on the agenda, speakers, and how you can make the most of your participation. <a href=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/challengeconference\/\">Click here to register<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em>Be the change you want to see. Join us.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As record-breaking rain and snowfall become regular events due to climate change, cities must work quickly to address the increased risk of urban flooding \u2013 a destructive new reality for many Canadian homeowners and a multi-billion-dollar challenge for governments. Urban flooding happens when a city&#8217;s hard concrete surfaces and sewers struggle to sop up and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":1767,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,5],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Urban Flooding: Creating Climate Resilient Housing &amp; Infrastructure<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"According to McKay, creating climate resilient housing is a two-part adaptation process: retrofit existing homes and ensure new housing is\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/challenge.carleton.ca\/creating-climate-resilient-housing-infrastructure\/\" \/>\n<meta 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